Articles, Issue 3/2024

Cellular Diagnosis of Malignant Exudates in Children

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M. Yordanova, B. Avramova, T. Kamenska, N. Yurukova, K. Bachvarov, I. Vlahova, T. Hristova, I. Boronsuzov, Y. Doncheva, N. Kartulev, Z. Antonova, H. Shivachev


Abstract

The urgent intervention for drainage of massive effusions of unknown origin in children and adolescents
has a therapeutic decompressive effect and concurrently provides the potential for rapid clinical orientation and diagnosis. Routine immunological cell typing using flow cytometry is not a standardly accepted investigation but is a fast and reliable method for identifying effusions associated with underlying malignant diseases. The results of 16 immunophenotypic investigations for primary diagnosis of pleural and peritoneal exudates in 9 pediatric patients with malignant diseases – 8 with hematologic neoplasms and one with a solid tumor – were retrospectively reviewed. The sensitivity, characteristics, and limitations of the method, as well as its correlation with the final diagnosis, are discussed.
Key words: malignant effusions; pediatric age; cytology; flow cytometry

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