{"id":3210,"date":"2026-09-04T12:20:48","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T09:20:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/2026\/09\/04\/intensive-care-of-children-with-pertussis-2\/"},"modified":"2026-09-04T17:15:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T14:15:50","slug":"intensive-care-of-children-with-pertussis-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/2026\/09\/04\/intensive-care-of-children-with-pertussis-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Intensive Care of Children with Pertussis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t<div class=\"icon-box featured-box icon-box-left text-left is-small\"  >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"icon-box-img\" style=\"width: 20px\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"icon-inner\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"48\" height=\"48\" src=\"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/icons8-user-48.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"icon-box-text last-reset\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n<p class=\"article-authors\">\n<strong>\nL. Bozadzhieva<sup>1,2<\/sup>, \nL. Dimitrova<sup>1,2<\/sup>, \nT. Teneva<sup>1,2<\/sup>, \nBl. Zdravkov<sup>1,2<\/sup>\n<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"article-affiliations\">\n<sup>1<\/sup> Department of Paediatric Intensive Care for Children Aged 0\u201318 Years, Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Children\u2019s Diseases \u201cProf. Dr. Ivan Mitev\u201d, Sofia<br>\n<sup>2<\/sup> Department of Paediatrics, Medical University \u2013 Sofia\n<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\n\n<div class=\"is-divider divider clearfix\" ><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0410bstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis, remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among unvaccinated infants. This article examines three clinical cases of severe infection in infants under 3 months of age, presenting with pneumonia, respiratory failure, and complications such as sepsis, pulmonary hypertension, and organ dysfunction. The pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease are analyzed, including the role of pertussis toxin, laboratory findings, and the therapeutic approach applied in intensive care settings. Emphasis is placed on the importance of early diagnosis, immunization-based prevention, and careful management of respiratory support.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords<\/strong>: pertussis, Bordetella pertussis, respiratory failure, sepsis, pulmonary hypertension<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"is-divider divider clearfix\" ><\/div>\n\n\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-woocommerce-memberships-member-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"woocommerce\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"woocommerce-info wc-memberships-restriction-message wc-memberships-message wc-memberships-content-restricted-message\">\n\t\t\t\tTo access this content, you must purchase <span class=\"wc-memberships-products-grant-access\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/produkt\/godishen-abonament\/\">\u0413\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0430\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442<\/a><\/span>.\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0420, \u0440\u0435\u0434. \u041a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0448 (Pertussis, whooping cough). \u0412: \u0418\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438. 2022. ISBN: 978-619-189-194-8.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041d, \u041c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0410, \u041f\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041a, \u0413\u0435\u0446\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0416, \u041a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0413. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 2024 \u0433. \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044a\u0440 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b \u201e\u0415\u043f\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u201c. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442: <a href=\"https:\/\/ncipd.org\/index.php\/bg\/structure\/epidemiology\/sec-epi\">https:\/\/ncipd.org\/index.php\/bg\/structure\/epidemiology\/sec-epi<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yeung KHT, Duclos P, Nelson EAS, Hutubessy RCW. 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Eur J Pediatr. 2025;184(2):138. doi:10.1007\/s00431-025-05978-0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e. \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434 \u2116 \u0420\u0414-01-191\/09.05.2024 \u0433. \u0418\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0448. 2024. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044a\u043f\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442: <a href=\"https:\/\/rzi-sfo.egov.bg\/\">https:\/\/rzi-sfo.egov.bg\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scanlon K, Skerry C, Carbonetti N. Association of pertussis toxin with severe pertussis disease. Toxins (Basel). 2019;11(7):373. doi:10.3390\/toxins11070373.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Astier ALP. Case study on whooping cough: its pathophysiology and management. Educ Med Pharm. 2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shi T, Wang L, Du S, et al. Mortality risk factors among hospitalized children with severe pertussis. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):1057. doi:10.1186\/s12879-021-06732-1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alsaghir AH, Martin CM. Effect of prone positioning in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(2):603-609. doi:10.1097\/01.CCM.0000299739.98236.05.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hua CZ, Wang HJ, Zhang Z, et al. In vitro activity and clinical efficacy of macrolides, cefoperazone-sulbactam and piperacillin\/piperacillin-tazobactam against Bordetella pertussis and the clinical manifestations in pertussis patients due to these isolates: a single-center study in Zhejiang Province, China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019;18:47-51.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"is-divider divider clearfix\" ><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Address for correspondence:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L. Bozadzhieva <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Children\u2019s Diseases<br>\u201cProf. Dr. Ivan Mitev\u201d, Medical University &#8211; Sofia <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">11, \u201cAcad. Ivan Ev. Geshov\u201d, Blvd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1606 Sofia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0435-mail: <a href=\"mailto:bozadzhieva.l@gmail.com\">bozadzhieva.l@gmail.com<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L. Bozadzhieva\u00b9\u02d2\u00b2, L. Dimitrova\u00b9\u02d2\u00b2, T. Teneva\u00b9\u02d2\u00b2, Bl. Zdravkov\u00b9\u02d2\u00b2 ||| \u00b9 Department of Paediatric Intensive Care for Children Aged 0\u201318 Years, Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Children\u2019s Diseases \u201cProf. Dr. Ivan Mitev\u201d, Sofia ||| \u00b2 Department of Paediatrics, Medical University \u2013 Sofia<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_pediatria_doi":"10.66223\/pediatria.2026.3.005","footnotes":""},"categories":[1301,2684,2679,3399,1],"tags":[3423,3411,3420,3422,3413,3414,1672,3415,3421,3416,3418,3419],"class_list":["post-3210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","category-issue-3-2026","category-broj-3-2026","category-statii","tag-bl-zdravkov","tag-bordetella-pertussis","tag-l-bozadzhieva","tag-l-dimitrova","tag-pertussis","tag-pulmonary-hypertension","tag-respiratory-failure-en","tag-sepsis-2","tag-t-teneva","tag-belodrobna-hipertoniya","tag-koklyush","tag-t-teneva1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3210"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3210\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3229,"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3210\/revisions\/3229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pediatria-spisanie.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}