Превенция на RSV-инфекция при всички кърмачета – началото

Резюме

Респираторно-синцитиалният вирус (RSV) е водеща причина зa пневмония и бронхиолит при кърмачетата и малките деца, както и за хоспитализации и смъртни случаи през първите шест месеца след раждането.

Пробив в профилактиката на RSV настъпва през 2013 г., когато се разгадава кристалната структура на префузионната форма на F-протеина на вируса. С одобрението на нови ваксини и ново моноклонално антитяло с удължен полуживот следва възход в превенцията на RSV. Зa профилактика на RSV-свързаните белодробни инфекции са налични три ваксини за възрастните. От тях само бивалентната RSV PreF е показана за употреба при бременни жени от 32 до 36 гестационна седмица  за профилактика на RSV-заболяванията  при техните бебета. В допълнение, ново моноклонално антитяло, предназначено за предотвратяване на RSV-заболяване с единична доза точно преди или по време на сезона на RSV, се препоръчва за всички кърмачета, независимо от гестационната им възраст при раждане. Очаква се тези интервенции да променят клиничната картина на RSV през първите месеци от живота. Въпреки този забележителен напредък, проблемът с  RSV не е решен. Тези препарати не са достъпни за развиващите се страни, които поемат тежестта на заболяването.

Ключови думи: RS, Нирзевимаб, RSV PreF бивалентна ваксина

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Адрес за кореспонденция:

Р. Комитова 

Катедра по инфекциозни болести, паразитология и

тропическа медицина, МУ – Пловдив 

бул. “Васил Априлов”, 15А  

4002, Пловдив 

e-mail: radka.komitova@yahoo.com