Брой 3/2023, Статии

Избор на храни за ентерално хранене

Публикувана на от admin

И. Янков1,2, И. Владимирова2, Р. Панчева3

1Катедра детски и генетични заболявания, Медицински университет – Пловдив
2Клиника по детски болести, УМБАЛ „Свети Георги“, Пловдив
3Катедра хигиена и епидемиология, Медицински университет – Варна

Резюме

Наличието на специализирани ентерални формули нарасна през последните 20 години като допълнение към обичайната диета. Ентералните храни са разработени, както за обща фортификация на храната с енергия и нутриенти, така и за използване при много заболявания, вкл. бъбречна недостатъчност, заболявания на храносмилателната система, диабет, чернодробна недостатъчност, остри и хронични белодробни заболявания и имунодефицитни състояния. Формули с добавки от микроелементи и фибри също често се препоръчват за употреба при хора с определени типове мотилитетни нарушения или хранителни дефицити. Между различните  формули за ентерално хранене понякога съществуват значителни различия, въпреки че са предназначени за употреба при едно и също заболяване.

Представяме обзор на различни храни за ентерално хранене и обосновката за използването им при различни заболявания. За съжаление, много от наличните храни не са достъпни на българския пазар. Въпреки това, сме се постарали да представим възможно най-голям набор от храни, като се надяваме все повече от тях да станат достъпни за българските деца.

Ключови думи: ентерални храни, ентерално хранене, храни за специални медицински нужди, сондово хранене, хранителна поддръжка

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Адрес за кореспонденция:

Катедра детски и генетични заболявания,

Медицински университет – Пловдив,

бул. “Васил Априлов”, 15A,

4002, Пловдив 

e-mail: Ivan.Yankov@mu-plovdiv.bg